- National Anthem Of India Lyrics For Violin
- Full National Anthem Lyrics Meaning
- National Anthem Of India Lyrics In English With Meaning
English: Vande Mātaram | |
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वन्दे मातरम् (Sanskrit and official pronunciation) বন্দে মাতরম্ (Bengali pronunciation) | |
National song of India | |
Lyrics | Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, Anandamath (1882) |
Music | Hemanta Mukherjee, Jadunath Bhattacharya |
Adopted | 24 January 1950 (after independence) |
Music of India | |
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Genres | |
Traditional
Modern
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Media and performance | |
Music awards | |
Music festivals | |
Music media | |
Nationalistic and patriotic songs | |
National anthem | Jana Gana Mana |
Regional music | |
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- 2Lyrics of the National Song
- 3Translation
- 4History and significance
Etymology[edit]
Lyrics of the National Song[edit]
National Anthem Of India Lyrics For Violin
Bengali script[20] | Bengali phonemic transcription | Devnagari script | NLK transliteration[9][21] |
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বন্দে মাতরম্৷ সুজলাং সুফলাং মলয়জশীতলাম্ শস্যশ্যামলাং মাতরম্! বন্দে মাতরম্৷. শুভ্র-জ্যোৎস্না পুলকিত-যামিনীম্ ফুল্লকুসুমিত দ্রুমদলশোভিনীম্, সুহাসিনীং সুমধুরভাষিণীম্ সুখদাং বরদাং মাতরম্৷৷ বন্দে মাতরম্৷ | bônde matôrôm sujôlang suphôlang môlôyôjôshitôlam shôsyô shyamôlang matôrôm bônde matôrôm shubhrô jyotsna pulôkitô jaminim phullô kusumitô drumôdôlôshobhinim suhasining sumôdhurôbhashini sukhôdang bôrôdang matôrôm bônde matôrôm | वन्दे मातरम्। सुजलाम् सुफलाम् मलयजशीतलाम् शस्यश्यामला मातरम्। वन्दे मातरम्। शुभ्रज्योत्स्नाम् पुलकितयामिनीम् फुल्लकुसुमित द्रुमदलशोभिनीम् सुहासिनीम् सुमधुर भाषिणीम् सुखदाम् वरदाम् मातरम्।। वन्दे मातरम्। | vande mātaram sujalāṃ suphalāṃ malayajaśītalām śasya śyāmalāṃ mātaram vande mātaram śubhra jyotsnām pulakita yāminīm phoolla kusumita droomadalaśobhinīm suhāsinīṃ sumadhuram bhāṣiṇīm sukhadāṃ varadāṃ mātaram vande mātaram |
Lyrics[edit]
বন্দে মাতরম্ (Bengali Script) | Latin transliteration (IAST) | वन्दे मातरम् (Devanagari transliteration) |
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Translation[edit]
Rich with thy hurrying streams,
bright with orchard gleams,
Cool with thy winds of delight,
Dark fields waving Mother of might,
Mother free.
Glory of moonlight dreams,
Over thy branches and lordly streams,
Clad in thy blossoming trees,
Mother, giver of ease
Laughing low and sweet!
Mother I kiss thy feet,
Speaker sweet and low!
Mother, to thee I praise thee. [Verse 1]
Who hath said thou art weak in thy lands
When the swords flash out in seventy million hands
And seventy million voices roar
Thy dreadful name from shore to shore?
With many strengths who art mighty and stored,
To thee I call Mother and Lord!
Thou who savest, arise and save!
To her I cry who ever her foeman drove
Back from plain and Sea
And shook herself free. [Verse 2]
Thou art wisdom, thou art law,
Thou art heart, our soul, our breath
Thou art love divine, the awe
In our hearts that conquers death.
Thine the strength that nerves the arm,
Thine the beauty, thine the charm.
Every image made divine
In our temples is but thine. [Verse 3]
Thou art Durga, Lady and Queen,
With her hands that strike and her swords of sheen,
Thou art Lakshmi lotus-throned,
And the Muse a hundred-toned,
Pure and perfect without peer,
Mother lend thine ear,
Rich with thy hurrying streams,
Bright with thy orchard gleems,
Dark of hue O candid-fair [Verse 4]
In thy soul, with bejeweled hair
And thy glorious smile divine,
Loveliest of all earthly lands,
Showering wealth from well-stored hands!
Mother, mother mine!
Mother sweet, I praise thee,
Mother great and free! [Verse 5]
Translation into other languages[edit]
History and significance[edit]
Composition[edit]
Indian independence movement[edit]
Adoption as 'national song'[edit]
- --Constituent Assembly of India, Vol. XII, 24-1-1950
Performances and interpretations[edit]
See also[edit]
- Anandmath—The novel from which Vande Mataram gained popularity
- Jana Gana Mana—the Indian national anthem
Notes[edit]
- ^sometimes transcribed as ধর্ম
- ^sometimes transcribed as মর্ম
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Vande'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'varadāṃ'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Dvisaptakoṭībhujaidhṛtakharakaravāle'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Avalā'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'vale'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Ripudalavārinī'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'vidyā'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Tvaṃ'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Vāhute'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Tvaṃ'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Vānī'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'vidyādāẏinī'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'tvaṃ'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Vande'
- ^See, for example, Rigveda 1.27.1; Sanskrit: अश्वं न त्वा वारवन्तं वन्दध्या अग्निं नमोभिः । सम्राजन्तमध्वराणाम् ॥१॥ Wikisource
- ^The Assamese version, re-translated into English, reads:[27]
'O my own land,
O my dear land,
O my dear land,
A land bedecked with gentle streams,
A land that adorned with heavenly beauty,
It is such a motherland.' – Lakshminath Bezbarua, Translated into English by A Mazumdar - ^This view of Gandhi was not isolated. In another interview, he said, 'a song that carried such glorious associations of sacrifice as “Vandemataram” could never be given up. It would be like discarding one’s mother. But they could certainly add a new song or songs like the one mentioned to their repertoire of national songs after due thought and discrimination.'[35]
References[edit]
- ^ abcDiana L. Eck (2012). India: A Sacred Geography. New York: Random House (Harmony Books). pp. 95–97. ISBN978-0-385-53190-0.
- ^ abcThe National FlagArchived 16 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, Volume 76, June 27, 1939, pages 68–70 with footnote 1 on page 69
- ^Sabyasachi Bhattacharya (2003). Bande Mataram, the Biography of a Song. Penguin Books. pp. 17–24. ISBN978-0-14-303055-3.
- ^S. K. BOSE (2015). Bankim Chandra Chatterji. Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting. pp. 88–92. ISBN978-81-230-2269-7.
- ^Sabyasachi Bhattacharya (2003). Bande Mataram, the Biography of a Song. Penguin. pp. 1–8, 73–76, 90–99. ISBN978-0-14-303055-3.
- ^Ghose, Aurbindo. 'National Song'. Know India. Government of India. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
- ^Sabyasachi Bhattacharya (2003). Bande Mataram, the Biography of a Song. Penguin. pp. 68–77, 26–29. ISBN978-0-14-303055-3.
- ^Sumathi Ramaswamy (2009). The Goddess and the Nation: Mapping Mother India. Duke University Press. pp. 106–108. ISBN978-0-8223-9153-1.
- ^ abc'National Song of India'. Government of India. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2008.
- ^Sri Aurobindo commented on his English translation of the poem with 'It is difficult to translate the National Anthem of Bengal into verse in another language owing to its unique union of sweetness, simple directness and high poetic force.' cited after Bhabatosh Chatterjee (ed.), Bankim Chandra Chatterjee: Essays in Perspective, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, 1994, p. 601.
- ^ abcBankimcandra Chatterji (2005). Anandamath, or The Sacred Brotherhood. Oxford University Press. pp. 71–78. ISBN978-0-19-803971-6.
- ^Aurobindo Mazumdar (2007). Vande Mataram and Islam. Mittal Publications. pp. 18–22, 30–31. ISBN978-81-8324-159-5.
- ^Sabyasachi Bhattacharya (2003). Bande Mataram, the Biography of a Song. Penguin Books. pp. 34–37, 81. ISBN978-0-14-303055-3.
- ^Sumathi Ramaswamy (2009). The Goddess and the Nation: Mapping Mother India. Duke University Press. pp. 125–142. ISBN978-0-8223-9153-1.
- ^'No rules on singing, playing of 'Bande Mataram': Government – Times of India'. The Times of India. Archived from the original on 12 February 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
- ^ abMonier Monier-Williams, English Sanskrit Dictionary with EtymologyArchived 28 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University Press, page 919
- ^Bankimcandra Chatterji (2005). Anandamath, or The Sacred Brotherhood. Oxford University Press. p. 244. ISBN978-0-19-534633-6.
- ^Edward Bispham (2010). Edinburgh Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome. Edinburgh University Press. p. 32. ISBN978-0-7486-2714-1.
- ^J. P. Mallory; Douglas Q. Adams (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. Taylor & Francis. pp. 385–386. ISBN978-1-884964-98-5.
- ^'Vande Mataram in Bengali script'. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
- ^'Vande Mataram in Romanized Sanskrit'. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ^Bankimcandra Chatterji (23 August 2005). Anandamath, or The Sacred Brotherhood. Oxford University Press. pp. 44–. ISBN978-0-19-534633-6.
- ^Aurobindo Mazumdar (2007). Vande Mataram and Islam. Mittal Publications. pp. 4–6. ISBN978-81-8324-159-5.
- ^'Sri Aurobindo's VERSE translation of Vande Mataram'. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2011.
- ^Bhabatosh Chatterjee (ed.), Bankim Chandra Chatterjee: Essays in Perspective, Sahitya Akademi, Delhi, 1994, p. 601.
- ^Aurobindo Mazumdar (2007). Vande Mataram and Islam. Mittal Publications. pp. 23–34. ISBN978-81-8324-159-5.
- ^Aurobindo Mazumdar (2007). Vande Mataram and Islam. Mittal Publications. pp. 26–27. ISBN978-81-8324-159-5.
- ^ abLipner, Julius (2005). Anandamath. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 27–59. ISBN978-0-19-517858-6.
- ^ abcdeSuresh Chandvankar, Vande MataramArchived 29 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine (2003) at Musical Traditions (mustrad.org.uk)
- ^Chakrabarty, Bidyut (1997). Local Politics and Indian Nationalism: Midnapur (1919–1944). New Delhi: Manohar. p. 167.
- ^'p2'. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
- ^Kranti Geetanjali (Poems of Pt. Ram Prasad 'Bismil'), ISBN81-7783-128-3.
- ^*Kranti GeetanjaliISBN81-7783-128-3.
- ^Speech at Prayer Meeting (Gauhati, Assam)Archived 16 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, January 10, 1946, page 212
- ^Discussion with Political WorkersArchived 16 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine, The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi, 1945, page 89
- ^ abA. G. Noorani (1973), Vande Mataram: A Historical LessonArchived 21 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, EPW, Vol. 8, No. 23 (Jun. 9, 1973), pages 1039–1043
- ^Marie Cruz Gabriel (1996). A Silence in the City and Other Stories. Orient Blackswan. pp. 238–240. ISBN978-81-250-0828-6.
- ^Pradeep KumarArchived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback MachineRediff.com.
- ^The Worlds Top TenArchived 21 August 2006 at the Wayback Machine — BBC World Service
- ^'Des: Tunes from the Countryside'. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
- ^Madras High Court makes Vande Mataram mandatory in schools and collegesArchived 28 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine, India Today (July 25, 2017)
- Sabyasachi Bhattacharya, Vande Mataram: The Biography of a Song, Penguin Books, 2003, ISBN978-0-14-303055-3.
Further reading[edit]
- Tagore, Sir Rabindranath (1919) [1916]. The Home and the World. Trans. from Bengali by Surendranath Tagore. London: MacMillan & Co. OCLC228705970. Bande (with a B rather than a V) Mataram plays a great part in this novel about a Bengali family.
- 'Vande Mataram : Biography of a Song' by Sabyasachi Bhattacharya, Publisher:Penguin, ISBN9780143030553
External links[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article: |
- Vande Mataram, Lata Mangeshkar in Anand Math (4:57 minutes)
- Vande Mataram, Amruta Suresh and Abhirami Suresh (4:36 minutes)
- Vande Mataram, Group song (1:09 minutes)
- 'National Song' section, Official Portal of the Indian Government
- How Secular is Vande Mataram?, AG Noorani, Frontline
- Boycott threat over Indian song, BBC
- 1937 Congress Resolution on validity of Muslim objection to this song, Outlook India
The National Anthem of India
The Indian National anthem, originally composed in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950. It was first sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas. Playing time of full version of the National Anthem is approximately 52 seconds. The lyrics were rendered into English by Rabindranath Tagore himself.
जन गण मन अधिनायक जय हे
भारत भाग्यविधाता
पंजाब सिन्धु गुजरात मराठा
द्राविड़ उत्कल बंगा
विन्ध्य हिमाचल यमुना गंगा
उच्छल जलधि तरंगा
तव शुभ नामे जागे
तव शुभ आशीष मागे
गाहे तव जयगाथा
जन गण मंगलदायक जय हे
भारत भाग्यविधाता
जय हे, जय हे, जय हे
जय जय जय जय हे!
Jana gana mana adhi naayaka jaya hai!
Bhaarat bhaagya vidhaata
Punjab Sindh Gujarat Maraatha,
Dravid Utkala Bangaa.
Vindhya Himachala Yamuna Ganga,
Uchhala jaladhi taranga.
Tava shubh naame jaage,
Tava shubh aashish maage,
Gahe tava jaya-gaatha.
Jana-gana-mangaladayaka jaya hai!
Bharat bhagya vidhata.
Jaya hai! Jaya hai! Jaya hai!
Jaya Jaya Jaya Jaya hai!
English Translation |
'Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny. The name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujarat and Maratha, of the Dravid and Orissa and Bengal; It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of the Yamuna and Ganga and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea. They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise. The salvation of all people is in thy hand, thou dispenser of India's destiny. Victory, victory, victory to thee.' |
Facts About National Anthem |
The song Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version by the Constituent Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950. |
A formal rendition of the national anthem takes fifty two seconds. |
Back to Patriotic Songs Page |
English: Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People | |
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National anthem of India | |
Lyrics | Rabindranath Tagore[1], 1911[citation needed][2] |
Music | Rabindranath Tagore[3], 1911[citation needed][4] |
Adopted | 24 January 1950 |
Audio sample | |
'Jana Gana Mana' (Instrumental) |
- 3Lyrics
- 3.1Full version
- 3.2Short version
- 5Controversies
History[edit]
Full National Anthem Lyrics Meaning
National Anthem Of India Lyrics In English With Meaning
Code of conduct[edit]
Lyrics[edit]
Full version[edit]
Official lyrics in Hindi (जन गण मन)[edit]
जन-गण-मन अधिनायक जय हे, भारत भाग्य विधाता । पंजाब-सिन्धु-गुजरात-मराठा, द्राविड़-उत्कल-बंग विंध्य[a] हिमाचल यमुना गंगा, उच्छल जलधि तरंग तब[b] शुभ नामे जागे, तब[b] शुभ आशिष मांगे गाहे तब[b] जय गाथा । जन-गण-मंगलदायक जय हे, भारत भाग्य विधाता । जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे ।[14] | Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata Panjaba-Sindhu-Gujarata-Maratha Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga uchchala-jaladhi-taranga Tava Subha name jage, tava subha asisa mage, gahe tava jaya-gatha. Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, Jaya he, Jaya he, jaya jaya jaya jaya he.[15] | Jana-gaṇa-mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata-bhāgya-vidhātā. Paṁjāba-Sindhu-Gujarāta-Marāṭhā, Drāviṛa-Utkala Baṁga Viṁdhya[c] Himācala Yamunā Gaṁgā, ucchala jaladhi taraṁga Taba[d] Śubha nāmē jāgē, taba[e] śubha āśiṣa māṁgē gāhē taba[e] jaya gāthā. Jana gaṇa maṁgala-dāyaka jaya hē, Bhārata bhāgya vidhātā. Jaya hē, Jaya hē, Jaya hē, jaya jaya jaya jaya hē. | [dʒənə gəɳə mənə əd̪ʱinɑːjəkə dʒəjə ɦeː] [bʱɑːɾət̪ə bʱɑːgjə ʋɪdʱɑːt̪ɑː ǁ] [pə̃dʒɑːbə sɪnd̪ʱu gʊdʒəɾɑːt̪ə məɾɑːʈʰɑː |] [d̪ɾɑːʋɪɽə ʊt̪kələ bə̃gə] [ʋɪ̃d̪ʱjə ɦɪmɑːcələ jəmʊnɑː gə̃gɑː |] [ʊttʃʰələ dʒələd̪ʱi t̪əɾə̃gə] [t̪əbə ʃʊbʱə nɑːmeː dʒɑːgeː | t̪əbə ʃʊbʱə ɑːʃɪʂə mɑ̃ːgeː] [gɑːɦeː t̪əbə dʒəjə gɑːt̪ʰɑː ‖] [dʒənə dʒəɳə mə̃gələ d̪ɑːjəkə dʒəjə ɦeː |] [bʱɑːɾət̪ə bʱɑːgjə ʋɪd̪ʱɑːt̪ɑː ‖] [dʒəjə ɦeː | dʒəjə ɦeː | dʒəjə ɦeː |] [dʒəjə dʒəjə dʒəjə dʒəjə ɦeː ‖] |
Original composition in Bengali (ভারত ভাগ্য বিধাতা)[edit]
Bengali script | Latin transliteration (ISO 15919) |
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জনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! পঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎকল বঙ্গ বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ তব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিষ মাগে, গাহে তব জয়গাথা। জনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা! জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥ Oneplus 5 unbrick tool download. | Jana-gana-mana-adhināẏaka jaẏa hē Bhārata-bhāgya-bidhātā[f]! Pañjāba[g] Sindhu Gujarāṭa Marāṭhā Drābiṛa[h] Utkala Baṅga[i] Bindhya[j] Himācala Yamunā Gaṅgā ucchala-jaladhi-taraṅga Taba[k] Śubha nāmē jāgē, taba[l] śubha āśisa[m] māgē, gāhē taba[l] jaẏa-gāthā. Jana-gana-maṅgala-dāẏaka jaẏa hē Bhārata-bhāgya-bidhātā[f]! Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē. |
Short version[edit]
Official lyrics in Hindi (जन गण मन)[edit]
Devanagari script[17] | Official romanisation[18] (bold indicates long vowels) | Latin transliteration (ISO 15919) |
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जन-गण-मन अधिनायक जय हे भारत भाग्य विधाता । जय हे, जय हे, जय हे, जय जय जय जय हे । | Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya vidhata. Jaya he, Jaya he, Jaya he, Jaya jaya jaya jaya he. | Jana-gana-mana adhināyaka jaya hē Bhārata bhāgya vidhātā. Jaya hē, Jaya hē, Jaya hē, jaya jaya jaya jaya hē. |
English translation[edit]
Dispenser of India's destiny.
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat and Maratha,
Of the Dravida and Odisha
and Bengal;
It echoes in the hills of Vindhya and the
Himalayas,
Mingles in the music of Ganga and Yamuna
and is chanted by
The waves of the Indian sea.
They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.
The saving of all people waits in thy hand,
Thou dispenser of India's destiny.
Victory, victory, victory to thee.[19]
Gallery[edit]
- Tagore's translation of Jana Gana Mana on February 28, 1919 at the Besant Theosophical College
- Page 1 of Tagore's translation of Jana Gana Mana on February 28, 1919 at the Besant Theosophical College
- Page 2 of Tagore's translation of Jana Gana Mana on February 28, 1919 at the Besant Theosophical College
- Early or original score of Jana Gana Mana
Controversies[edit]
Historical significance[edit]
'The proceedings began with the singing by Rabindranath Tagore of a song specially composed by him in honour of the Emperor.' (Englishman, Dec. 28, 1911)
'When the proceedings of the Indian National Congress began on Wednesday 27th December 1911, a Bengali song in welcome of the Emperor was sung. A resolution welcoming the Emperor and Empress was also adopted unanimously.' (Indian, Dec. 29, 1911)
Regional aspects[edit]
See also[edit]
- Subh Sukh Chain, the National Anthem of the Provisional Government of Free India
- Vande Mataram, the National Song of India
- Amar Shonar Bangla, the National Anthem of Bangladesh
- O Osman, National Anthem of Hyderabad
- Capt. Ram Singh Thakur
References[edit]
- ^'Know India-National Identity Elements-National Anthem'.
- ^'BBC News - Does India's national anthem extol the British?'.
- ^'Know India-National Identity Elements-National Anthem'.
- ^'BBC News - Does India's national anthem extol the British?'.
- ^http://www.news18.com/news/india/national-anthem-of-india-a-brief-on-jana-gana-mana-498576.htmlQuote: 'Though written in Bengali, the language used was sadhu Bengali or tatsama Bengali which was heavily sanskritised. Many of the words exist with the same meaning in different Indian languages and thus, all Indian people understand the words and meaning of the national anthem'
- ^'National Symbol: National Anthem'. National Portal of India. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
- ^Britannica, Editors of Encyclopedia (2008), Britannica Encyclopedia of India (Set of 5 Volumes), Encyclopedia Britannica India, p. 167, ISBN978-81-8131-008-8CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)Quote: 'Adopted by the Constituent Assembly as the national anthem of India on January 24, 1950, the song Jana-gana-mana, in its Hindi version of the first stanza, was originally composed in Bengali by poet Rabindranath Tagore'
- ^http://mha.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/pdf/NationalAnthem(E).pdfQuote: 'The composition consisting of the words and music of the first stanza of the late poet Rabindra Nath Tagore’s song known as “Jana Gana Mana” is the National Anthem of India'
- ^ ab'National Anthem- National Identity Elements of India - Know India: National Portal of India'. knowindia.gov.in (in Hindi). Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
- ^Chowdhury, Arunangsu Roy. '100 years since 'Jana Gana Mana' was born'. The Hindu. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
- ^http://satyashodh.com/janaganaman/
- ^Bhattacharya, Sabyasachi (2011). Rabindranath Tagore : an interpretation. New Delhi: Viking, Penguin Books India. p. 206. ISBN978-0670084555.
Incidentally a myth regarding this song needs to be refuted and laid to rest. It is on record that the song was written on 11 December 1911. On 12 December 1911 the Delhi Durbar met to honour King Emperor George V. Obviously a poem written on 11 December could not be intended for an event the following day. The song was first sung at the twenty-seventh session of the Indian National Congress, Calcutta on 28 December 1911 as the opening song at the beginning of the day's proceedings. Thereafter it was also sung at the foundation day anniversary of Adi Brahma Samaj in February 1912 and included in their collection of psalms, Brahma Sangit.
- ^Chandra, Balakrishnan, Pali, Vijay kumar. '100 Years Of Bollywood-Humrahi (1945)'. indiavideo.org. Invis Multimedia Pvt. Ltd. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
- ^'भारत के राष्ट्र गान के संबंध में आदेश' [Order relating to the national anthem of India] (PDF). mha.gov.in. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
- ^'Orders relating to the national anthem of India'(PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
- ^'National Identity Elements - National Anthem - Know India: National Portal of India'. knowindia.gov.in. Retrieved 12 July 2018.
- ^'भरत के राष्ट्र गान के संबंध में आदेश' [Order relating to the national anthem of India] (PDF). mha.gov.in. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
- ^'Orders relating to the national anthem of India'(PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
- ^James Minahan. 'The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems [2 Volumes]'. ABC-CLIO. p. 61.
- ^https://indiankanoon.org/docfragment/1508089/?formInput=national%20anthem%20case
- ^https://www.jw.org/en/news/legal/by-region/india/supreme-court-national-anthem-free-speech/
- ^'To sing or not to sing Vande Mataram'. Indian Express. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- ^'Bijoe Emmanuel & Ors V. State of Kerala & Ors [1986] INSC 167'. indiankanoon.org. 11 August 1986. Retrieved 16 December 2013.
- ^'National Anthem must be played before movies in theaters, rules Supreme Court'. The Indian Express. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^'J&K: In a first, state govt employee amongst two arrested for not standing during national anthem'. The Indian Express. 11 February 2017. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^'India anthem not mandatory in cinemas'. BBC News. 9 January 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^'Patriotism debate over national anthem'. BBC News. 30 November 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^Biswas, Soutik (25 October 2017). 'Film fans challenge India's anthem order'. Retrieved 19 February 2019.Text 'BBC News' ignored (help)
- ^'Playing of national anthem in cinema halls not mandatory: Supreme Court'. The Times of India. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^'India anthem not mandatory in cinemas'. 9 January 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ^'India anthem not mandatory in cinemas'. BBC News. 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
- ^'Tagore and Jana Gana Mana'. Monish R. Chatterjee.
- ^'India: Are we still singing for the Empire?'. Pradip Kumar Datta.
- ^'BBC News – Indian anthem Jana Gana Mana turns 100'. Bbc.co.uk. 27 December 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
- ^ abcState to seek newspaper clarification on report. STAFF Reporter. Assam Tribune, 17-12-2013
- ^'Muslim clerics in Jharkhand oppose govt move on national anthem in madrasas'. https://www.hindustantimes.com/. 10 November 2017. Retrieved 11 May 2019.External link in
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Notes[edit]
- ^विन्ध्य is also used
- ^ abcतव is also used
- ^'Vindhya' is also used
- ^'Tava' is also used
- ^ ab'tava' is also used
- ^ abSanskrit transliteration 'Bhārata-bhāgya-vidhātā'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Pañjāva'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Drāviṛa'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Vaṅga'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Vindhya'
- ^Sanskrit transliteration 'Tava'
- ^ abSanskrit transliteration 'tava'
- ^'āśiṣa' is also used
External links[edit]
- Know India: National anthem, Government of India website
- The Morning Song of India – via Wikisource.English translation of the hymn 'Jana Gana Mana' in Tagore's handwriting